Rather than pseudocode, the questions about algorithms below use actual Python code. Below are a few tips for reading it if you're not familiar with Python.

If you don't already have Python installed, you can use https://repl.it/languages/python or https://try.jupyter.org/ to try out snippets of Python code to see what it does. If you aren't sure, don't guess, try running it to see. See the lecture notes for more examples of Python code.

for loops: for i in range(n): is like for (int i=0; i<n; i++) in C++: the loop has n iterations, letting i take on the values 0, 1, 2, ..., n-1.

lists and sets: V = [1,2,3,4,5] makes a list (like an array) with 5 elements. They can have duplicates such as d = [1,2,3,2,3], but a set cannot. d_set = set(d) would be the set {1,2,3}. Tuples such as (2,3,4) are lists that cannot be modified. You can iterate over all elements of a list/tuple/set with a for loop:

for i in [1,2,3]:
    print(2*i)

prints 2, 4, and 6 to the screen.

indentation: There's no curly braces for code blocks. Instead Python uses indentation. So

for i in [1,2,3]:
    print(i)
    print(i)

prints

but

for i in [1,2,3]:
    print(i)
print(i)

prints

itertools: itertools.combinations(x,k) takes all subsequences of length k from x. For example, this code:

import itertools
x = [1,2,3,4,5]
for t in itertools.combinations(x, 3):
    print(t)

prints

(1, 2, 3)
(1, 2, 4)
(1, 2, 5)
(1, 3, 4)
(1, 3, 5)
(1, 4, 5)
(2, 3, 4)
(2, 3, 5)
(2, 4, 5)
(3, 4, 5)

and

import itertools
x = [2,3,5]
for t in itertools.combinations(x, 2):
    print(t)

prints

(2, 3)
(2, 5)
(3, 5)

Strings such as "abc" are not technically lists, but many of the same functions that work on lists also work on strings, e.g.

import itertools
x = "abc"
for t in itertools.combinations(x, 2):
    print(t)

prints

('a', 'b')
('a', 'c')
('b', 'c')

Assume all arithmetic and function calls shown take constant time.